Why treat waste water?

Domestic wastewater contains a large amount of solid material, food particles, toilet paper, grease, oil, soap, salts, metal detergent, pharmaceutical, and personal care products. Industrial wastewater is released from different commercial and manufacturing units such as textiles, printing, F&B, and production to name a few. it contains toxic chemicals, organic effluents, harmful microorganisms. The discharge of industrial, commercial waste into nearby water sources is another major cause of water pollution. The effects can be seen on water resources such as streams, ponds, tanks, and pipelines, which are often contaminated or polluted due to the discharge of sewage and garbage. Different kinds of germs which cause diseases grow in polluted water. There are a number of ways in which wastewater can cause pollution problems. These water bodies are the main sources of many other domestic applications. So, Proper treatments need to be carried out before it is exposed to another body of water.

By treating wastewater, we can protect the environment and the planet as a whole. Wastewater treatment easily removes impurities from wastewater and is converted into an effluent that can be returned back to the water cycle or reused. The treatment process takes place in a wastewater treatment plant.

The primary level of treatment includes the removal of unwanted, suspended, or dissolved solids from sewage. In this process, strong objects are trapped by sieving procedures and suspended solids are eliminated by sedimentation. These large materials are disposed of at the landfill.

Secondary treatment also removes remaining biodegradable matter and suspended solids that may have missed out on the primary level of treatment. In this process, wastewater gets mixed with bacteria and oxygen. The oxygen helps to eradicate pollutants faster. Then the water is taken to settling tanks where the sludge again settles, leaving the water free of pollutants.

Tertiary treatment eradicates a relatively considerable number of polluting elements and remaining dissolved substances like color, metals, organic chemicals, and nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus. This chemical treatment involves the use of physical, chemical, and biological techniques to remove contaminants from water.